Sir John Nelthorpe Geography Department and Bitesize BBC

BBC Bitesize

The Bitsize Geography site can be obtained at the following web address:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/

From the Geography menu there is no need to look at the following sites:

Volcanoes

The reason for this is because they are not part of your specification.

Cities: Human Geography

Less Economically Developing Countries. (LEDC’s).

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/cities/citiesinledcsrev1.shtml

The Case Study is of Rio de Janeiro. This is from the BBC Brazil 2000 series, which you have studied. Review video No. 132 Brazil 2000, Programme 1. On the Intranet we have added the model of an LEDC city. Look at the questions to see where you can apply this case study. Make sure you know your information regarding "Site and Service schemes".

More Economically Developed Countries (MEDC’s). http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/gcsebitesize/geography/cities_human_geography/cities_in_medcs_rev.shtml

Read the information but do not do the work in relation to Leicester. Instead make sure you complete your revision using our CASE STUDY of KINGSTON UPON HULL.

Make sure you have one of our Hull resource booklets, which you used on the fieldtrip. Test yourself by trying to answer the tasks on the Intranet. Begin by drawing the sketch map. (Print one off if necessary). You should be able to remember the information from each of the different places.

Migration

http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/gcsebitesize/geography/cities_human_geography/rural_urban_migration_rev.shtml

Migration is the movement of people on the earth’s surface. Why do people move? The factors affecting population migration are very useful on the site. Remember to look at aspects of your case studies for examples of population migration. Examples are:

Movements of people through a city. Intra-urban Migration. Concept the Family life cycle. (Remember the impact of divorce on the need for extra housing in Hull).

To what extent is this process evident in Rio de Janeiro?

Rural to Urban Migration. Movements of people from the North, North East and Central Brazil to the major Cities on the Eastern Coast.

Urban To rural migration. Look at the impact of counter migration in the UK after the Second World War. Why did this happen? (Car ownership increased, improved road network, increase in affluence desire of the leafy suburbs).

Urban to Rural migration within Brazil. Movements to Eastern Amazon to work in Agriculture Cattle Ranching Rondonia. Movement to the Brazilian Rainforest – Carajas Case Study.

Urban Renewal

You have looked Urban Renewal on the Kingston upon Hull Fieldtrip. Key Ideas.

Comprehensive Redevelopment,

Envelope Action,

Waterfront Redevelopment.

Garden Festivals – Ebbw Vale

Urban development corporations (UDC’s London LDDC, Sheffield, Teeside, Merseyside.)

Case Study - London Docklands:

BITESIZE covers your investigation into urban renewal of the London Docklands. Make sure you have the resources of the London Docklands. Make sure are able to see how the political changes have affected the Built, Social and Economic environment. Can you apply these terms with understanding? If you can you will be able to use high order thinking skills. This will enable you to obtain high marks in your examination. It is one of the reasons why generations of our geography students have achieved outstanding results at GCSE and Advanced level.

Other related work to this:

To what extent has the political environment of London Docklands and Hull Waterfront lead to a difference in Urban Renewal?

Gentrification? Has it taken place in Hull?

Measuring Quality of Life

An excellent site which deal with the part of the syllabus People and Place.

Indicators of development are investigated later in this booklet.

Urban structure

Revise this work with your Kingston upon Hull fieldtrip. The revision of models are useful. Make sure you understand what causes the process of social and residential segregation. Look at your task booklet of the Hull fieldtrip. If this missing get a copy from your geography teacher.

Urbanisation and counter Urbanisation

Rio de Janeiro

Read the text and apply it to the two case studies.

Ecosystems: Environmental Geography

Introduction

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/ecosystems/index.shtml

Questions in the exam are usually targeted at the scale of case study. You will have looked at either the Norfolk Broads or Gibraltar point. It is important that you understand the way in which the examiner can approach the issues.

A small scale ecosystem: Hedgerow

There is no need to revise this section. You will have studied other small scale ecosystems i.e. Gibraltar Point or the Norfolk Broads. However, you will be able to identify the approaches with this case study.

Rainforest I

An excellent site well worth taking your time through this section. Make sure you use the text and your exercise books to complete this section thoroughly. Look at the past questions in relation to this topic. If the first part of the question deals with the Tropical Rainforest you will not be able to use the Tropical Rainforest as your case study! I would suggest that you know your small scale ecosystem in detail.

Rainforest II

An excellent section to revise from. You have done work in far greater detail when completing your excellent investigations into the Carajas project, Brazil. Make sure you have your coursework returned so that you can use it to revise from. Your main problem for this section will be timing in the examination. Be selective but go for detail into your answers. We will give you examples of what is required to achieve the top grades.

Savannah

Excellent to help with your investigations into the Savannah. Go through this in detail. Make sure that you know the concept of carrying capacity and desertification.

Taiga

No need to revise this section. It would be of use to your general geography knowledge and probably the section on weather.

What is an ecosystem?

The diagrams of ecosystems you have in your textbooks will complement this section. Make sure you understand how the flow diagrams work. Make sure you see the connection between Geography and Biology.

World Ecosystems

You should understand the principles behind the diagram. Make sure you understand the terms biomes and biomass.

Weather and climate

Introduction

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/weather/index.shtml

Depressions

The moving diagrams of a depression are excellent and complement your work. Complete the tests in this section as part of your revision.

Elements of weather

Excellent for general weather instruments.

Weather hazards

This looks at hurricanes. You have looked at high intensity rainfall and drought.

World climates and ecosystems

We have looked at the different ecosystems when looking at different ecosystems.

Economic Activity: Human Geography

Agriculture and the global economy

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/economic/index.shtml

There is no need for you to look at this section.

Industrial growth and decline

Industrial location

A quick read through this section is all that is required. You have studied in-depth the region of South Wales. Make sure you have the copy of the handout from the D. Waugh textbook on South Wales. Make sure you have a look at the display in L19. This was put together for our course. Other specific terms such as ‘weight gaining’ and ‘weight losing’ industries could be applied to the case studies. Forward and backward linkage industries.

Industrial change in Ebbw Vale. Deindustrialisation from 1980 and the resultant changes to the built, social and economic environment.

Industry and the global economy

This work combines the aspect of Industrialisation and development of the country. You have looked at this process in the UK and looked at the change on the global scale. Case study – South East Asia – Pacific Rim Countries. Excellent diagram of USA Brazil and for employment structure. Remember the questions in the exam can ask for employment opportunities.

Inward investment

Excellent section for the general terms. The Case study we have looked at is Sony South Wales. Make sure you look at the case study on the Intranet and have a look at the following web site.

Also look at the case study on S. Wales. Look at the section on PENCOED. Make sure you have the Geoactive on Japanese Inward Investment into the UK.

Water and rivers

Deltas

Cairo Case study. Watch the video water for life Video No. 1. You have studied the Floodplain for a developing country you have studied the Nile Flood Plain.

Drainage basins and the water cycle

You have investigated an upland drainage basin on your residential fieldtrip to the Yorkshire Dales.

Floods

The introduction is excellent as it deals with the main factors, which affects flooding. Do the test at the bottom of the page it will make you think. When you have completed this look at Chapter 5 in THE ENVIRONMENT. The case study on Lynmouth, Devon should be replaced with your case study on the River Ouse and the York floods. Do not try and learn another case study. You have been to the Environmental Agency at York and studied this case study in detail.

Meanders and ox-bow lakes

Revise this work with your 1^st Day of your fieldtrip in the Yorkshire Dales.

River management and floods

This is an excellent site and it compliments your work on the Mississippi. Make sure you understand the arguments put forward by the environmentalists and the river engineers. Make sure you understand the following process:

Describe the landform (Flood plain)

How the landform affects man.

How man modifies the landform.

How the resultant landform affects man.

The interaction between Man and Landforms will be tested in the examination.

Storm hydrographs

You have completed work in far greater detail than this section. Make sure you can describe the hydrograph shape by using the correct terms. Rising limb, Falling limb or recessional limb, base flow, time lag, Peak discharge, peak rainfall. Read section 5.4 (p.59/59) from THE ENVIRONMENT. You will be expected to understand how drainage basin characteristics affect the shape of the hydrograph or how from analysing the shape of the hydrograph you can predict the characteristics of the basin.

The water cycle

Make sure you revise the terms used in this section. They can be used in the weather section. Make sure you know what the term relief is.

Coasts

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/coasts/index.shtml

Population and development: human geography

Development indicators

Indicators of development are used to judge the development of a country. Why do they use more than one indicator? Social and economic indicators rather than just economic GDP/GNP. Make sure you understand the Human Development Index. This is a composite Index. That is it is made up of different indicators:

Real income per capita

Adult literacy

Life expectancy

If you would like to look at other indicators and how they are calculated then continue with the subject at A level! Have a look at the PQLI index. (Physical Quality of Life Index. It is easy to remember the composition of this index LIMA (Capital of Peru)

Life expectancy

Infant Mortality
Adult Literacy

A final consideration when looking at economic factors alone is the problem of using the average (mean) figure. Oil rich counties have a minority of wealthy people who distort the average.

Population, resources and development

This looks at the levels of economic development within a country. When you completed the work on the Carajas project we introduced you to more complex concepts so that you can achieve the top grades in the examination.

Standard of living = natural resources x technology

Population

Read Chapter 3 from Chrispin, J. Jegede. F, 1997 Population Resource and development. Collins education. Available at the library or Mr. Humphries.

Chapter 5 P. 82 deals with the concept of carrying capacity. We looked at these concepts when looking at the Sudan and Sahel as one of the ecosystems.

Examination Skills.

Density shading maps and distributions

The word distribution is one that always causes a problem in the examination. Look at the introduction to the Hull fieldtrip. It clearly describes what you have to do to answer questions, which involves the word distribution.

YOU WILL BE TESTED ON THE UNDERSTANDING AND APPLICATION OF THIS WORD. IT IS FUNDAMENTAL TO GEOGRAPHY.

Flow Diagrams

Have a read of this but it should not cause you any problems.

Map Work

Before the examination, make sure you revise how to do the following:

4 figure grid references

6 figure grid references

Go through a key and find each of the symbols on the map

Draw a cross section from using contours. You will not be expected to draw the cross-section but you may have to interpret a cross section i.e. the shape of a valley.

To be able to use contours i.e. what direction is the river flowing? N S E W?

(Water flows downhill!)

To draw a cross section you must be able to understand what contours are!

General hints for the examination.

Do not panic or rush at the beginning of the examination.

Read the questions carefully and identify the CASE STUDY, which you will be able to write a quality answer.

Plan and structure your answers. Think before you write.

ENJOY the examination. You will be thoroughly prepared for the examination so it will not matter what the examiner asks you to write about you will be ready.

Good luck with your examinations Geographers